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Can botulinum toxin type A injection technique influence the clinical outcome of patients with post-stroke upper limb spasticity? A randomized controlled trial comparing manual needle placement and ultrasound-guided injection techniques: Santamato A et al.

 

 

Autoren:
Andrea Santamato a,⁎,
Maria Francesca Micello 
a,
Francesco Panza 
b,c,d,⁎⁎,
Francesca Fortunato 
e,
Alessio Baricich f,
Carlo Cisari 
f ,
Albero Pilotto d,g, 
Giancarlo Logroscino b,c,
Pietro Fiore h,
Maurizio Ranieri a

 

Autoren-Details:
a  Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Section,  “OORR” Hospital, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
b  Neurodegenerative Disease Unit, Department of Basic Medicine, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
c  Department of Clinical Research in Neurology of the University of Bari Aldo Moro, “Pia Fondazione Card G. Panico”, Tricase, Lecce, Italy
d  Geriatric Unit & Laboratory of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medical Sciences, IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
e  Sector of Hygiene, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Italy
f  Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
g Geriatrics Unit, Azienda ULSS 16 Padova, S. Antonio Hospital, Padova, Italy
h Department of Basic Medicine, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy